Why do we need to perform biochemical testing on bacteria? Explain in detail using specific examples and correct microbiology terminology.
Explain the relationship between metabolism, chemical reactions, enzymes, and genetics when trying to identify bacteria to the genus species level.
How can we determine if a chemical reaction has taken place in media that is inoculated with a particular bacterial species? (List and explain 4)
Why do we need to use controls? Explain the difference between positive and negative controls. What type of control is used in the micro lab when performing biochemical testing?
What is a pH indicator and what is its function in biochemical testing? List the pH indicators used in our biochemical testing reactions. Give 1 biochemical test for each pH indicator used in the lab.
What are post incubation reagents and what is their function? List the post incubation reagents used in our biochemical testing reactions. List 1 biochemical test that uses each of the post incubation reagent(s) used in the lab.
Explain all the biochemical reactions that can take place in Litmus Milk (#14).
Explain all the biochemical reactions that can take place in the SIM (#19) media.
Explain all the biochemical reactions that can take place in the Fermentation of Carbohydrates (#13)
Give the substrate, enzyme, end products, and positive/negative appearance for 3 biochemical tests. Be specific, giving the enzyme name and specific substrate/products. Do not list Litmus Milk, SIM, Fermentation of Carbs.
Biochemical tests 
1- Hydrolysis of startch 
2- Hydrolysis of Gelatin
3- Fermentation of carbohydrates 
4- Fermentation(+/- gas production) 
4- Alkalinization
4- Peptonization
4- Reduction
4- Curd Production
5- Redcuction of Nitrates 
6- Detection of Catalase 
7- Production of Decarboxylase 
8- Hydrolysis of Urea
9- Sim (Production of Hydrogen Sulfide)
9- sIm (Production of Indole)
9- siM (Mobility) 
10- MR-VP (Methyl Red) 
10- MR-VP (Vogus Proskauer)
11- Utilization of Unusual Nitrogen Ammonium Phosphate 
12- Utilization of Unusual Carbon Sodium Citrate
13- Oxygen Requirements
14- Mannitol Salt Agar
15- Coagulase Production
16- Hemolysin Production
17- Latex Aggulation 
Specific Writing Requirements:
Use NUMBERS only to indicate which question you are answering.  Adding the question will increase your similarity score.  Do not write as a paragraph or essay.
The assignment should be 2-3 pages double spaced, 12pt font Times New Roman. 
No more than 25% originality will be allowed.  No paraphrasing or quotations of large amount of material.  All points above must be addressed for full credit. Be specific.