How to Complete:
A detailed outline of what transpired during the Live Session, but
Your responses to these Prepare Yourself to Discuss questions:
1.What is disproportionate minority contact?
2.Why would this be concerning?
3.How does it relate to the school-to-prison pipeline?
4.What are some of the barriers local law enforcement face when conducting their investigations with victims of human trafficking?
5.What do you think could be done to help police officers investigate these crimes more effectively?
6. How would you convince state legislators to provide more funds to train law enforcement, prosecutors, and judges to combat the crime of human trafficking?
7.What evidence would you use to support your statements?
Professor john Churchville: So I’m already said, I feel like I’ve gotten to know a little bit about everybody. But thank you all for being vulnerable and being respectful and sharing, and hopefully everybody’s walking away with at least one thing from this class.
1:39
john churchville: So I’m gonna dive on in. Everybody can see the Powerpoint.
1:52
john churchville: Okay, our topic this week is
1:57
john churchville: the last section
2:01
john churchville: we’re touching briefly on the juvenile justice system, and we’re touching briefly on human trafficking
2:03
john churchville: and our theme this whole time we’ve looked at snapshot of the criminal justice system.
2:10
john churchville: the part that cops do the part that the courts do. And then last week we talked about corrections when it comes to prison and the death penalty.
2:16
john churchville: I think I’ve said several times, but I’ll say you tonight, if you only remember one or 2 things for this class. Remember the theme of stories.
2:28
john churchville: We have different like experiences, but everybody’s story is valid.
2:37
john churchville: When we talk about the criminal justice system.
2:42
john churchville: the experience of everybody in this class might be different where you live than somebody on the other side of where you live. Another part of the city, a person the county over, might have a different experience with their family doesn’t matter. Our race doesn’t matter. Our class, our ethnicity, our our family. Everybody’s got a different story. So whatever your life experience has been with the criminal justice system, they are valid, and they’re true.
2:44
john churchville: And hopefully you walk away going. If you heard different stories that other people might have experienced theirs are also true. It’s not a this class is not about picking one against the other.
3:08
john churchville: So if you remember that then I would be happy.
3:19
john churchville: And the second thing that I’ve said numerous times, there’s not just one criminal justice system.
3:22
john churchville: What you guys may do in Georgia might be different than somebody does in California might be different than a Navajo reservation or an Eskimo up in Alaska or a military base. So whatever we think about the criminal justice system. We also have to remember where we live might not be the same for everybody else, not just in this country, but even in this class.
3:28
john churchville: okay. So shifting to tonight’s topics.
3:53
john churchville: we’re touching again on juvenile justice and the books reading, saying, how might
3:57
john churchville: how young people experience juvenile justice.
4:03
john churchville: We’ll talk a little bit about it, and how their experience may vary by race and class.
4:07
john churchville: So let me, I’m going to. If you’ll allow me, I’m gonna play a video
4:13
john churchville: the moment
4:29
john churchville: alright, I’ll do it like this.
4:39
john churchville: I’m gonna play a clip. It’s it was on Youtube. It’s a little Netflix clip
4:44
john churchville: of a
4:49
john churchville: based on a true story. This before most of the folks in this class.
4:57
john churchville: the central part 5.
5:01
john churchville: Sorry I’m having a problem here with my password.
5:08
john churchville: Okay, you know what I’ll I’ll come back to that. I don’t wanna hold up the class for that.
5:31
john churchville: I was going to show that as a snapshot of
5:37
john churchville: what some folks might experience
5:41
john churchville: in juvenile justice.
5:44
john churchville: Pretty good idea. And again, just like the adult system.
5:49
john churchville: what somebody might go through in one town might be very different than a juveniles. Experience in another town doesn’t make one. Right or wrong, it just makes it different.
5:52
john churchville: Okay, I found it here. Now, thanks for your patience.
6:01
john churchville: Okay, this is.
6:27
john churchville: I started experiencing hair loss on vantages. Specifically, my part was extra thin. And then that’s when I found hers through head.
6:32
john churchville: There’s 1 more.
6:41
john churchville: Okay, I’m gonna share this with you. Now again, thanks for your patience. Sorry for the hold up there.
6:47
john churchville: Can everybody see the video.
6:53
john churchville: Okay, this is a
6:56
john churchville: Netflix, like, true to life movie. But it is based on a case back from Oh, gosh! With the eighties or nineties, they called it the central part 5
6:58
john churchville: a woman was was horribly assaulted, beaten half to death. The mayor wanted to get on it, and the police went out and literally rounded up pretty much every young black Hispanic male in
7:07
john churchville: that part of New York at that time, and and the whole country was kind of in enough order, because it was very upsetting.
7:19
john churchville: The short version is, they
7:25
john churchville: got 5 kids to confess, and it turned out that none of them did it.
7:27
john churchville: And I don’t want to be alarmist. I’m not gonna say that that every day there’s only innocent people getting arrested that that’s not true. There’s plenty of guilty people getting arrested.
7:33
john churchville: But for these kids, because of where they live because of the culture of the time.
7:41
john churchville: Their experience is juveniles was probably very different than a lot of others. I’m just gonna play this
7:47
john churchville: my fuss.
7:54
john churchville: You
7:56
john churchville: enough
7:57
john churchville: who you in the park with?
8:00
john churchville: I don’t want names.
8:02
john churchville: I shall lost.
8:04
john churchville: Where did you see the lady?
8:05
john churchville: 1 1 lady.
8:06
john churchville: the female chargers, severely beaten and raped.
8:09
john churchville: every black male who was in the Park last night is a suspect
8:13
john churchville: I need all of them.
8:17
john churchville: What’s going on with my son? His son was involved in rape in Central Park.
8:20
john churchville: They saw you rape. The lady didn’t see a lady waving.
8:28
john churchville: I didn’t see anything, Kevin. I want to see my son right now right now.
8:33
john churchville: So nothing these boys state not just the central facts of the crime.
8:47
john churchville: All we need is for one to tie this whole thing together. These tapes are not as clean as the State would have you believed
8:53
john churchville: she’s here.
9:02
john churchville: There is not one shred of evidence, the frenzy of these teenagers ripping off. Who’s innocent of these prostitutes
9:04
john churchville: without the riots today
9:13
john churchville: it moves like this.
9:18
john churchville: what other way they have it to us?
9:20
john churchville: Killings
9:25
john churchville: for steps
9:28
john churchville: can be kind of closer and closer
9:30
john churchville: exit here
9:35
john churchville: I’m waiting for.
9:37
john churchville: he said. If I went alone that’ll go home, and that’s all I wanted.
9:43
john churchville: Looks. This will do anything.
9:47
john churchville: Live on us. They will kick us up. They will kill us.
9:50
john churchville: Think we should admit to something. Yeah, we didn’t do.
10:02
john churchville: Okay.
10:04
john churchville: keep fighting.
10:05
john churchville: So I share that. Because when you talk about the juvenile system. I’m gonna
10:25
john churchville: give you another historical tidbit
10:30
john churchville: one day when you’re bored Google, the Scottsboro boys
10:32
john churchville: that was in the 1930. So like close to a hundred years ago
10:36
john churchville: young black kids were riding a train down in Alabama.
10:40
john churchville: and they got accused of assaulting some young white men on the train.
10:44
john churchville: and similar to this.
10:49
john churchville: There was no evidence that the boys did it, but between harsh interrogate interrogation tactics, and a hundred years ago we used to beat confessions out of people.
10:51
john churchville: I don’t believe we do that anymore. So that’s a good thing.
11:01
john churchville: The scary part was that I remember when this case came out, everybody had an opinion on it.
11:06
john churchville: and one guy I remember coming and speaking at my colleague, and he said.
11:11
john churchville: He’s like, Look. If they did it. They need to go to jail, he goes. But what concerns me, he says, is that the forensic evidence, like the the DNA, whatever it’s not matching these confessions that the boys make, he said. So. We should learn
11:15
john churchville: from the Scottsboro boys case that I just told you about 1930, he said, watch this stuff with caution, and at the time I was like, Hey, what does this guy know he’s talking about?
11:28
john churchville: And I watched this case over the years. Every last one of these kids got convicted and went to jail and did time.
11:38
john churchville: They did years.
11:43
john churchville: And then finally, they found the right person. Years later, and he admitted it was me. They had nothing to do with it, but it’s too late. The kids were already in jail, and they finally got released and exonerated.
11:45
john churchville: But just imagine what that does to a child’s! They were. They were kids. They were 1314, 15,
11:56
john churchville: and to suddenly be yanked away from your family, and you’re hoping that the system is going to work out fairly for you.
12:03
john churchville: But even in the eighties and nineties the system was still working like it did a hundred years ago. So again, I don’t share this to be alarmist. But this is like something factually that happened. And this wasn’t. Oh, this is back in the sixties. No, no, this was in some of our lifetimes to real people in a major city where we’re supposed to get it right?
12:10
john churchville: So I share that as an example of what
12:29
john churchville: the experience is like for some kids, not everybody for some kids in America.
12:32
john churchville: Especially in pretty serious crimes where we’re
12:38
john churchville: we’re. We’re eager to get the right person.
12:41
john churchville: I’m gonna pause there. Questions or comments from you guys.
12:44
Alicia Wells: I seen the movie and I happen to have one of the guys on on Instagram. I follow him. He’s always doing empower empowerment speeches and stuff like that. So
12:54
Alicia Wells: I think it’s interesting that they showed Donald Trump in the movie. Kind of in his racist glory just spouting out you know some of anything as as he sometimes does. And
13:06
Alicia Wells: I think it’s also interesting that these guys, you know, they spent a long time in prison not just a few years for anybody that’s never heard of this the Central Park 5. They didn’t get out until they were like 40, something.
13:20
Alicia Wells: Some of them were 14 and 13 years old when they went.
13:35
john churchville: thank you so much for joining. I appreciate it.
13:40
john churchville: Any other thoughts or comments and again, if people don’t have any that’s fine. I’m just leaving you a chance to reflect.
13:44
Lorraine Barnett: I think it goes along with the reading for this week regarding the adultification.
13:53
john churchville: Hmm.
13:59
Lorraine Barnett: Of of young adults, and how they you know the unfair and the unjustified treatment, and throughout the
14:01
Lorraine Barnett: from what do I save?
14:11
Lorraine Barnett: They’re on reformable. It transcends from the beginning of the Justice Center Reform Act, and how they deem young, juvenile, ie. Quote unquote delinquents. Not understanding social.
14:14
Lorraine Barnett: You know the form. It’s social dysfunction or social, the environment, the poverty level and so forth. And it goes back to to the
14:32
Lorraine Barnett: the child saving movement it goes back to
14:42
Lorraine Barnett: in Turkey Court justice, you know the remodeling of the justice system. So we’ve been going through this from the alleged beginning of time since the 18 hundreds, and as we are moving into Juneteenth as much as we’re celebrating that which we have been granted.
14:46
Lorraine Barnett: nothing has changed in respect when I say nothing there has been some change, but we’re still going through the same 1,800 implication of what they deem, or young black youths are about.
15:04
Lorraine Barnett: And that’s what this you know. Central Park 5. And as you mentioned the case, prior to 1938, this is the same that we’re going, you know, young people in juvenile facility. There was Spa. First.st They were juvenile delinquents. They’re sentenced. They’re taken to Rico’s Island here in New York City for months, and if not years, without a trial, without waiting for trial waiting. And it’s the same system throughout time.
15:17
john churchville: Okay, thank you for sharing that.
15:47
john churchville: I’ll take one more question, reflection, or comment before we keep moving. And again, if nobody has anything that’s fine. I’m just leaving you space.
15:49
john churchville: Okay?
16:09
john churchville: Again. What we’re focusing on right now is simply the learning outcome of
16:10
john churchville: just talking about how young people might experience the system differently.
16:15
john churchville: And that’s going to take us to one of the questions
16:19
john churchville: we’re gonna come. I wanna put a PIN in this one disproportionate minority confinement. So if everybody can start thinking from your reading, or just from your own knowledge, what does that mean? Disproportionate minority confinement? I’m gonna come back to that one.
16:24
john churchville: And 1st
16:37
john churchville: gonna ask you this.
16:40
john churchville: Now I get to
16:45
john churchville: let me see Dave.
16:47
john churchville: do juveniles have a right to a jury of their peers for serious crimes.
16:49
dave: Well, that would be kind of hard to do, I mean depending
16:57
dave: can’t call young people to a jury, so no, I don’t think so.
17:01
john churchville: Oh, I’m sorry when I say jury forget the jury appears. I just mean when juveniles get arrested as juveniles.
17:07
john churchville: Do you know, do they have a right to get a jury trial.
17:13
john churchville: I don’t know other teenagers, but
17:17
john churchville: they have a right to a jury trial. If you’re arrested as a Jp.
17:20
dave: Try their hardest not to do that. But yes, they do have a right to a jury trial.
17:23
john churchville: Okay? And Deanna, do a juveniles. Are there any juveniles that do time in adult prisons?
17:28
Deona Johnson: I think that’s possible.
17:36
Deona Johnson: But usually I think they wait until they’re like 17, and then they go to adult prisons. But I do think that it’s possible.
17:38
john churchville: Okay, thank you, Katrina. Do juveniles get the death penalty by juvenile. I mean people 18 or yeah, or under 18.
17:46
Katrina Davis: No, not that, I remember. No, I think they wait.
17:55
john churchville: It’s okay. No, there’s no right or wrong answer. I’m just getting our brain sort of involved. Go ahead, man. I’m sorry.
18:01
Katrina Davis: No, I was. Gonna say, I know that
18:08
Katrina Davis: in the past for serious crimes, that they were given it. But it was like I can’t think of the word, but it was like converted to a different type of
18:12
Katrina Davis: punishment, or they made them wait till 18 or 17, or whatever to actually put them on a death row. But I do know there have been cases in the past where they
18:24
Katrina Davis: were punished to death, but they weren’t actually put to death as a juvenile.
18:35
john churchville: Okay. Okay. Alright, thank you.
18:39
john churchville: Gosh! Who is? Did I? Oh, Rohan, that’s what it was. When people commit crimes as juveniles when they turn adults? Do we then seal their records from the public, so no one ever knows.
18:44
rohan Hope: I I know I do have
18:56
rohan Hope: When they were ju juveniles, and then they become adults. They kind of expunge their records.
18:59
rohan Hope: But it it depends on what it is that
19:05
rohan Hope: Hello!
19:09
john churchville: Yep.
19:10
john churchville: alright, which leads into the last question. Miss May, do you agree with Rohan that juveniles can have their records will expunged or wiped out when they turn to certain age.
19:11
Mae White: I believe you have to request that from the court. I don’t think it’s something that’s automatic.
19:21
john churchville: Okay.
19:28
john churchville: okay, well, thank you for that. If you guys remember, I did sort of this the 1st day of class. So the 1st question
19:29
john churchville: this, for you guys know a little bit about the juvenile system, those of us that really don’t
19:37
john churchville: adults. When we get arrested for crimes, you have the right to a jury
19:41
john churchville: for anything that is more than like a traffic ticket, like a misdemeanor or felony. You have the right to have a jury trial. Most people opt to plead guilty and don’t, but they have the right juveniles generally do not.
19:46
john churchville: If you’re arrested in the juvenile system.
19:59
john churchville: you can be found guilty. But you don’t get a jury, you get a judge, and if the judge thinks she did it
20:02
john churchville: you can be found guilty. Whatever burning a house arisen assault.
20:08
john churchville: and the judge might be wrong.
20:12
john churchville: The judge might be biased. The judge might just be bored that day and not be paying attention.
20:15
john churchville: But it’s the same effect on your criminal record. When you turn 18
20:20
john churchville: it does not go away, and this that the other questions about ceiling and expungement. It depends on what state you’re in.
20:25
john churchville: And yes, as some of you said, it depends on the type of crime. But here, where I am in Pennsylvania
20:32
john churchville: you can be 30.
20:37
john churchville: We absolutely can find your juvenile record, and we can use it against you, and if you committed a melody as a juvenile like, if you sold drugs or you had a gun
20:39
john churchville: that’s not going anywhere for at least a decade.
20:49
john churchville: sometimes 15 years. Your States may have different laws.
20:52
john churchville: So there are guys that are like
20:56
john churchville: 2829. They’re thinking I’ve been out of trouble for 15 years.
20:58
john churchville: but we’re going to punish them if they commit any more crimes because we’re still holding their juvenile record against.
21:02
john churchville: And that record might be.
21:08
john churchville: Here’s here’s where I raised that about the jury trial.
21:11
john churchville: It’s 1 person making a decision, basically about your future.
21:14
john churchville: I don’t. So the next question with the juveniles do time and adult prison again depends on your state, but in Pennsylvania you can start as early as 14. If you commit a crime with a certain weapon.
21:19
john churchville: we send you straight to a Delport we call direct file juvenile.
21:33
john churchville: So if you commit a serious crime with a weapon like I have a young man, he’s 15. He’s never been in trouble before in his life. Something in him snapped, and his aunt was driving him to pick up his cousin a few months ago, and he grabbed the night and stabbed her in the back of head as she was driving. Oh, horrifying!
21:37
john churchville: He’s going straight to state prison.
21:57
john churchville: It’s like, do not pass. Go! There’s no probation, there’s no house charges and adults. And in Pennsylvania that’s a mandatory sentence of 3 to 6 years in State prison.
22:00
john churchville: So just imagine what the rest of this young man’s life is like.
22:09
john churchville: We can certainly have debates about safety to the family. I get that. He clearly has some serious issues, but he is going to go to adult prison. He’s 15,
22:12
john churchville: and
22:23
john churchville: that’s it.
22:24
john churchville: That’s the way the laws written in Pennsylvania.
22:25
john churchville: You’re correct. Juveniles don’t get the death penalty more.
22:29
Lorraine Barnett: Yeah.
22:32
john churchville: Miss Lorraine, I know you mentioned George City when we started the class
22:32
john churchville: that’s just in the last, like in our lifetime, just in the last couple of decades we finally stopped killing people for crimes they committed when they were 1516 70.
22:36
john churchville: That’s in our lifetimes. And just recently Brian Stevenson and the work he does through the Equal justice foundation. He just stopped giving juveniles
22:47
john churchville: mandatory life.
22:57
john churchville: Another example. There was a 16 year old kid here where I live. He and his 24 year old cousin went.
22:59
john churchville: I hate to say this
23:04
john churchville: sexually assaulted a teacher and ended up murdering her.
23:07
john churchville: So the death penalty got put on the table for the adults.
23:10
john churchville: not for the juvenile, because juveniles can’t get the death penalty.
23:14
john churchville: But the juvenile was going to get life in prison.
23:17
john churchville: But when Brian Stevenson, I think you you’ll see some of his videos. His group got the Supreme Court to say it’s unconstitutional to just automatically give a juvenile life in prison can’t put him to death anymore. But now you have to set this high bar.
23:21
john churchville: A juvenile can get like in prison. But you have to show all of these factors to show that they’re never going to be able to be redeemed, and the only way to keep society safe is to keep them locked up forever.
23:37
john churchville: So the young man I just told you about he got something like 30 to 80 years, so technically, he’s not getting life in prison.
23:48
john churchville: And again, I’m not here to debate the merits of that. They did a horrible thing this woman was wonderful, beloved in the community. She never did anything to them, and they just decided that they were going to be wicked and evil and take someone’s life. They had no reason to do it.
23:56
john churchville: And juvenile records sealed from the public.
24:12
john churchville: That’s an urban legend.
24:15
john churchville: We all grew up in my generation, thinking. Oh, nobody knows about it. It’s all gone. Not true. Richard will tell you. Police keep it in their database, and we can use it against you now. We probably didn’t do that 50 years ago, but because we’re so concerned about prime and accountability now.
24:19
john churchville: Juvenile records
24:39
john churchville: are sealed in the sense that I can’t look up a juvenile in a public database. But
24:41
john churchville: the police and background employer investigators. They can still find the juvenile record.
24:48
john churchville: You can get it explained, as Miss Mate said. But you do have to go to a judge, and the judge has to agree.
24:53
john churchville: In Pennsylvania you have to show that you stayed out of trouble for 10 to 15 years, and depending on the charge, it might not get expunged.
25:00
john churchville: So any questions about that I just wanted to give you guys a snapshot for people that might not have had a lot of exposure. Here’s a snapshot of what life is like in the juvenile system.
25:06
john churchville: Any questions.
25:16
Lorraine Barnett: In New York. It’s 10 years
25:22
john churchville: Okay.
25:25
Lorraine Barnett: For the records, can you? You have to stay out of trouble for 10 years, or it can’t get expunged. For the juvenile port.
25:25
Lorraine Barnett: We all know absolutely that there are no such thing as sealed record. Anyone who deem to have access and can get access.
25:34
Lorraine Barnett: Those cases can really be open
25:42
Lorraine Barnett: when they normally have spa, for which is a juvenile detention, facility.
25:45
Lorraine Barnett: Whether they came out and age out of it the records were still accessible depends on the heinousness of what the crime entails. So yeah.
25:50
john churchville: Okay.
25:59
dave: So why do
26:00
dave: minors not get a jury
26:02
dave: just out of curiosity?
26:05
dave: Sure.
26:07
john churchville: Short version, there was a case in 1,967, where the Supreme Court said.
26:08
john churchville: Juveniles, we’re we’re kind of more. We’re not really punishing them. We’re looking out after them like kind of as their parents. So because we’re treating them different because we’re looking for rehabilitation.
26:13
john churchville: we’re not gonna give them the same 6th amendment rights to have like juveniles and get a lawyer. But basically, the Supreme Court decided 50 something years ago, we’re treating them differently, and so they don’t get a jury.
26:25
john churchville: That might have been true 50 or 60 years ago, but I would suggest that we probably need to look at that.
26:38
john churchville: because
26:44
john churchville: nowadays we are holding them accountable. It is on your record. It doesn’t go away. You can go to jail for a long time, or at least do not place it for a long time.
26:45
john churchville: and so I would suggest that we probably need to look at that rule again. But did I answer your question, sir?
26:55
john churchville: The Supreme Court just figured. Yeah, do it all. Don’t need it. But that was why.
27:01
john churchville: thank you for that.
27:05
john churchville: Any other questions about juveniles before I keep moving.
27:06
Alicia Wells: I was just gonna ask. I was just gonna ask Professor Churchville, why do you think it is that courts are moving away from the parents. Patria model.
27:11
john churchville: You know what, Richard, what do you got for us? Because this is something you see every day in in your line of work. How have you seen, can you see a societal reason for maybe, why we are now holding children more accountable to their crimes than perhaps we did 20 or 30 years ago.
27:21
Richard Murray: I’m gonna be honest with you in California. It is actually gone on the other way. Juanes are. It’s very. I’m gonna be honest with you. It’s very lax they get. There’s 3 different ways that they can go depending on the crime. They can get what’s called Team Court here in California, which means they basically get some sort of diversion, some sort of here’s a community service. There’s no jail time. There’s nothing like that.
27:41
Richard Murray: The most standard recommendation and sentencing for juveniles. Here in California
28:06
Richard Murray: is probation. They always get probation as a step before actually getting like any kind of locked up or incarceration, and we’re talking pretty like what would be like considered serious crimes like assault with the deadly weapon some robberies depending on circumstances of the robberies. You know, and different kind of assaults. They get probation only, and then
28:12
Richard Murray: actual incarceration.
28:35
Richard Murray: is usually for the most heinous of heinous, usually involving murder, attempted murder. Assault with the deadly weapon resulting in great bodily injury or serious bodily injury. And then what ends up happening is is that they’ll get sentenced, and then a life sentence in California more often than not ends when they’re 25 and they get kicked out of the youth facility they don’t go to unless they’re unless they are tried as an adult, which most cases they’re not. They get disposed at the age of 25
28:39
Richard Murray: and more often than not with these crimes the parents are now being the more liabilities being put on the parents. We also have to issue them citations now
29:08
Richard Murray: and basically, hey, we’re giving your son this promise to appear in court. Here’s your promise to make sure that your son gets to court or your daughter court, and if you don’t bring them to court or ensure that they’re getting to court, then you could be held and some sort of something of that nature. So it’s it’s it’s it’s California is a, it’s special, is. It’s not as cut in price. It seems to be in these other jurisdictions.
29:18
john churchville: Okay, well, thank you for that. And and thank you for actually emphasizing the point that I keep making, that we don’t have one criminal justice system. What you’re saying might be totally different for the others. So thank you for sharing that.
29:46
john churchville: Where did Jd. Go, Mr. Sawyer? Quick question.
29:59
john churchville: We have to be honest if we know from criminologists that most violent crimes.
30:04
john churchville: as we talked about the very 1st day of class, it’s not necessarily whether someone is white or black, or Asian or Latino, or multiracial native Hawaiian.
30:11
john churchville: The the biggest predictor of serious crime is whether you’re male and whether you’re young.
30:18
john churchville: Maybe it’s testosterone. Maybe it’s hormones. Maybe it’s immaturity. Blah, blah, blah.
30:24
john churchville: If we know
30:29
john churchville: sociologically, criminologically, societally, psychologically.
30:30
john churchville: the people we have to be most worried about generally, for serious, violent crime is
30:35
john churchville: overwhelming. The young males.
30:41
john churchville: Does it make sense? Do you think that we should treat juveniles more harshly because of the damage they can do to the rest of us.
30:43
john churchville: It’s a provocative question, but I thought I’d put you on the spot.
30:52
JD Sawyer: Sure.
30:55
JD Sawyer: So i i i think so. The the young male probably what you can also throw in there is
30:56
JD Sawyer: you know, like a a lack of life experience per se, you know. So through through experiences that we get, we learn to make better decisions as we go.
31:05
JD Sawyer: You know, treating them more harshly. In my opinion.
31:18
JD Sawyer: I’m I’m not sure that serves the purpose to.
31:23
JD Sawyer: you know, find a remedy. Really.
31:28
JD Sawyer: that’s that’s good for the communities and for everyone for the society. And
31:32
JD Sawyer: you know I’m I’m not sure treating them harshly. Will, is the answer.
31:38
john churchville: Okay. Well, thank you for sharing that. I am going to. Where did I go?
31:42
john churchville: I’m gonna ask for a volunteer for a moment.
31:49
john churchville: This was in some of our reading
31:52
john churchville: what is disproportionate minority contact.
31:55
john churchville: so big mouthful. Anybody give me a simple definition you could give to like my 11 year old. What is that?
31:59
john churchville: Anybody? Anybody? Where are my quiet people?
32:06
Lorraine Barnett: Over representation of the juveniles.
32:10
john churchville: Sure it’s just that it’s
32:14
john churchville: When I was 1st a prosecutor in Philadelphia, I think I shared with you that I’ve done all different types of lawyering.
32:17
john churchville: My Juven, I worked in the juvenile unit, and my boss said to me in Philadelphia.
32:24
john churchville: where our population Philadelphia, back then it was roughly, I don’t know 40% black, 40% white and a pretty large Latino community Asians. But those are our big demographics. And he looked at us, and he said.
32:28
john churchville: I just want you guys to know as prosecutors. You said when you go in the courtroom.
32:42
john churchville: he said. It’s about 14% of the juveniles you’re going to see in the system. I’ll never forget this, he said. It’s about 14% white.
32:46
john churchville: and he said the rest are going to be black and latino.
32:53
john churchville: and he just was upfront about it. And I remember saying to him, How does that work like that’s disproportionate minority contact? I was like.
32:57
john churchville: are people committing crimes at different rates, and my boss is like.
33:05
john churchville: I don’t know why. All I know is this is, who is getting caught up in the criminal system.
33:08
john churchville: and that bothered me for years because I was I was a prosecutor like when I went to court like that’s who I saw in court. It didn’t mean that there were no agents committing crime.
33:14
john churchville: but to be fair. Back then in Juvenile Court you almost never saw any. You might see like one Indian child. You never saw a Japanese or a Chinese, maybe a Vietnamese kid or Cambodian kid.
33:24
john churchville: But for whatever reason in Philadelphia juvenile courts. Disproportionate contact meant, regardless of their numbers in the population, regardless of
33:35
john churchville: the the, the stupidity that all juveniles do. Only certain folks were in court every day.
33:45
john churchville: and somebody went and did a study cause, you know, it’s easy to just look at numbers.
33:51
john churchville: I will tell you that no one was consciously being racist. What I will say is that as we did our studies, we did learn a little bit about systemic and implicit bias. And what do I mean by that?
33:57
john churchville: Because those are loaded words. I’m going to use them carefully
34:08
john churchville: when juveniles get arrested.
34:11
john churchville: you go to the police station, and then they call a probation officer where we are in the Br. You don’t set bail for juveniles like you do for adults. The probation officer says, makes a recommendation. Does this kid get to go home? Or do we need to keep them in a group shelter? And what we saw was that the black kids overwhelmingly were getting locked up in in like youth detention centers and shelters. The white kids are going home, and when we dug into that more
34:15
john churchville: we found out that it was a poverty issue, because in Philadelphia, where folks gotta go to work, it was the white parents had one or 2 parents who could get off work. Who could come, sit, hit the probation, and say they can come home with me. The black kids had the single parents or both parents working. They couldn’t show up for the intake. So the probation officer would say, oh, the family’s not here. I’m just gonna lock them up.
34:39
john churchville: So in Philadelphia a disproportionate minority. Contact meant
35:02
john churchville: overwhelmingly. Black kids were getting locked up and not going home. But it actually was not because police are being racist or judges are being racist. It dealt with a class issue of probation officers having a bias. If I can’t see your parent in front of me, they must not care about you, therefore they can’t control you. Therefore I’m gonna lock you up.
35:06
john churchville: And it took us years to figure out how to like start trying to change that
35:25
john churchville: does that help give a visual? On what disproportionate minority contact means
35:31
john churchville: higher rates of arrest, higher rates of lockup, even though people may not be consciously doing that good people trying to do good work.
35:35
john churchville: But I’m glad that we got to the root of it. And so now people learn to slow down and say, Well, don’t just look for mom.
35:44
john churchville: Folks have uncles. Folks have cousins. Folks have got parents. Folks have grandparents don’t just look for Mom or dad look to see if there’s somebody. And so the numbers have gotten better.
35:50
john churchville: Any questions or comments about disproportionate minority contact.
36:02
john churchville: And again, if not, we’ll keep moving.
36:07
john churchville: Okay, I’m gonna tell one other quick story about juveniles that we’re gonna switch to human trafficking.
36:09
john churchville: Here is
36:15
john churchville: what I saw in my time again as a prosecutor, and then as a defense attorney.
36:16
john churchville: a young boy, I think he was 13, got arrested for trespass.
36:22
john churchville: and the trespass was. He was playing basketball at school at 8 in the morning, before the school opened.
36:26
john churchville: I was like what
36:34
john churchville: you’re joking right? And the cop came in, and I said.
36:35
john churchville: did he break in the cop? Said, Oh, no, no. The kids like to play basketball before school starts.
36:38
john churchville: and I’m sitting there thinking.
36:43
john churchville: Did he cuss at you did he? Did he spray your feet? Did he break something? The cop said. Nope, Nope, but I told them they couldn’t play an agenda.
36:46
john churchville: and I sat there, and I honestly got so angry because I was privileged enough. After going to public school I got a scholarship to a private prep school.
36:53
john churchville: and when I was 13. Nobody in my prep school would ever have even called the cops, even had we climbed in a window. But this kid, I said, so we’re arresting kids because they’re going to school.
37:04
john churchville: And the cop was like, well.
37:16
john churchville: I told him not to play in the gym, and I I just again. I’m not. I’m not.
37:18
john churchville: Please hear me. I’m not judging the cop just as a parent as a human being. This little boy now
37:23
john churchville: has a record for playing basketball at school. I’m like, don’t you want kids to go to school? But because of the culture of where we were in Philadelphia
37:30
john churchville: some kids were gonna have a lot more contact based on their zip code. So that’s why I tell that story. Had this kid lived a few blocks away in a different school. There wouldn’t have been a school police officer there to lock him up. But because of the Zip code
37:39
john churchville: a lot of folks got caught up in the juvenile justice system because of where they lived.
37:55
john churchville: I find that reprehensible.
37:59
john churchville: But that’s the story I want to leave with you when we talk about race class criminal justice in the juvenile system. I saw very often your outcome differed
38:03
john churchville: based on where you lived.
38:12
john churchville: So thank you for listening to that. I’m gonna shift gears now to human trafficking.
38:15
john churchville: well, I’m gonna throw anything about juvenile
38:24
john churchville: when we do national studies about what we do when kids get arrested. This is just for you to think about. If you arrest 100.
38:28
Lorraine Barnett: Technical meetings.
38:35
john churchville: We divert cases. If the kid is white again, this is just nationally divert means oh, you got caught spring graffiti, or you you crashed your car. You did something stupid instead of charging you with Prime. We’re gonna tell you to go in front of this panel, do community service, and we’re gonna keep you off the system. That’s what diverting is.
38:36
john churchville: 50% of every juvenile rest in America gets diverted for white kids. It is not the same number for native kids, Latino kids, Asian kids or black kids.
38:54
john churchville: Again, I’m not getting into why people are doing it. That’s just sort of the data that we have
39:03
john churchville: different groups experience different outcomes in the system, and we’re still trying to figure out why.
39:09
john churchville: alright, now, I’m shifting to human trafficking.
39:15
john churchville: Thank you for that.
39:20
Lorraine Barnett: I’m sorry, Professor. What about the isms of sexism? Regarding male versus juvenile female versus males when it. When we hear of juveniles. He encompasses both sexes, but there is always one sex that seems to generate the most.
39:21
john churchville: Yeah, we.
39:39
john churchville: We lock up more females now. But yes, overwhelmingly.
39:40
john churchville: If you have a hundred kids locked up, 85 to 90 of them are going to be male, if if that was your question.
39:44
john churchville: or.
39:51
Lorraine Barnett: For.
39:52
john churchville: And you know these are things that we know from our everyday experience. It doesn’t mean there aren’t girls committing crimes, and it doesn’t mean that all boys are committing crimes. It just means when it comes time to lock up kids
39:53
john churchville: overwhelmingly, whether it’s in the school setting
40:03
john churchville: and th. These are things that you leave up to sociologists and criminologists to figure out the why.
40:08
john churchville: Thank you for looking.
40:14
john churchville: Here is the quick UN definition of human trafficking.
40:16
john churchville: recruiting, transporting, harboring.
40:19
john churchville: basically exploiting people for profit.
40:23
john churchville: Human trafficking does not always mean sex trafficking, although that is what we typically identify with. It could also be somebody coming to America with a green card and working in a house with with their passport, and the owner saying, I’m gonna take your passport and you’re gonna I’m gonna work you to death. Basically, I’m not gonna let you call your family.
40:26
john churchville: We do a lot of that to labor trafficking human trafficking envelops sex trafficking as well as
40:46
john churchville: labor trafficking.
40:53
john churchville: Has everybody here seen the movie taken? Or you’re familiar with that
40:54
john churchville: liam neeson? And you know I have a very particular set of skills that’s like a cult classic from
40:58
john churchville: I was gonna play the clip. But we’re kind of right out of time.
41:04
john churchville: When we think of human trafficking very often. That’s what we think of. We think of like
41:08
john churchville: Russian gangsters taking.
41:12
john churchville: you know, nice, pretty girls from Paris somewhere, and then their their FBI or CIA agent. Dad’s gotta go find it like that’s Hollywood.
41:15
john churchville: The reality of human trafficking
41:24
john churchville: is give me a minute. I’m going to share it with.
41:27
john churchville: This is much more the reality.
41:30
john churchville: Can you see the screen here?
41:42
john churchville: The article? Cpr.
41:45
john churchville: the reality is this guy who got sentenced right after class last week, 448 years.
41:47
john churchville: Human trafficking
41:53
john churchville: are pimps
41:55
john churchville: sexually exploiting
41:57
john churchville: juveniles people. And that’s how juveniles connect with human trafficking
41:59
john churchville: folks who got kicked out the Foster care system, or who ran away, or who are looking for affection or attention or belonging. And these guys come and manipulate them emotionally, psychologically. Oh, I love you.
42:03
john churchville: I’ve been to so many trainings on this from so many task force, and it’s almost always the same thing they pick people up in malls. They actually recruit kids
42:15
john churchville: to recruit other kids from juvenile placement facilities.
42:24
john churchville: And you know, they say I love you. I just need to do a little something for me here, and then you drug them, and now they’re addicted to drugs. And now you cut them off from their family.
42:27
john churchville: and it. It’s shocking
42:36
john churchville: bye.
42:40
john churchville: Sex trafficking part of human trafficking. It is so much more
42:41
john churchville: lucrative than drugs.
42:45
john churchville: Drug dealers give up their drug trade just to do this.
42:48
Lorraine Barnett: Evening.
42:52
john churchville: You’re worrying about drugs getting stopped at the border, or a rival gang taking your stash or the cops arrest you and what we’re learning. Some of you know this is that these guys are using young women, sometimes men, but often women. They’re kind of exploitable, expendable. They say, if this one gets arrested, I’ll just go get more like, and you make so much more money
42:52
john churchville: by
43:15
john churchville: it’s it’s it’s it’ll make you sick to your stomach.
43:16
john churchville: That is what human trafficking really is. It’s not those movies. It’s kids that that we see in our churches sometimes that we come across in our work, that. And
43:20
john churchville: we just don’t know.
43:30
john churchville: It’s when people who have issues looking at at Porn. It’s the girls you see in these pictures that’s human trafficking here in America.
43:32
john churchville: And
43:40
john churchville: that is a connection that
43:41
john churchville: juveniles. We don’t treat our juveniles right, whether it’s the foster care system or the criminal system. We are pushing them towards
43:44
john churchville: being likely to get snared into human trafficking.
43:53
john churchville: pause, comments or questions about anything I just said about human traffic.
43:57
john churchville: I will just mention this because we don’t talk a lot about our native brothers and sisters.
44:11
john churchville: But
44:17
john churchville: As I think, I said, this is the beginning of class. We talk a lot about racial issues in America, and we talk about it from white or black, but the people most likely to go missing and to never be found and to not have hotlines. It’s a lot of our native women
44:19
john churchville: some because of the remoteness. It’s you’re gonna get a much larger turnout in New York City or Atlanta, than you are in a small reservation in Wyoming or Minnesota or in North Dakota.
44:33
john churchville: So these is where we found hundreds and thousands of women’s that have gone missing, probably being trafficked.
44:46
john churchville: But we don’t.
44:52
john churchville: you don’t see a lot of there was some podcast this week that you guys had. We don’t have the international justice missing rescuing a lot of these girls. And again, I’m I’m not faulting the work they do. I think they’re a great organization.
44:55
john churchville: but as exciting as it is to go to Thailand and other places and to rescue people. And we should do that.
45:08
john churchville: We have people right here at home. Human trafficking for natives means you’re probably not going to get rescued.
45:13
john churchville: I will pause again
45:25
john churchville: if anyone had any immediate questions, and if you don’t I’ll keep moving.
45:27
rohan Hope: Press up.
45:35
john churchville: Yes.
45:36
rohan Hope: I heard that somewhere in the Caribbean there is this
45:37
rohan Hope: remote island that a lot of the celebrities
45:41
rohan Hope: when kids go missing around the Us. And other countries. They’re being taken to a particular island in the Caribbean.
45:46
rohan Hope: and all the big celebrities pay a lot of money to go for there and sleep with those children.
45:55
john churchville: that’s why. Jeffrey, Epstein went to jail and that’s the cut yeah, that’s yeah, it’s that’s what human trafficking looks like. It looks like exploiting weak, marginalized people. And look at the the class issue again. It’s usually not rich. Kids
46:01
john churchville: getting trafficked over there, preying on rich people are preying on.
46:15
rohan Hope: Deploy. Yeah.
46:20
john churchville: Yes, so thank you for. Thank you for sharing that
46:21
Katrina Davis: That reminded me of the the movie that came out last year.
46:26
Katrina Davis: The sound of freedom.
46:31
john churchville: Yep.
46:33
Katrina Davis: And you know they give you all the stats at the end. And my, they actually we all kind of like the women’s group. We all went to go see the movie together. And then they did this
46:34
Katrina Davis: big
46:46
Katrina Davis: presentation
46:47
Katrina Davis: on human trafficking and prevalence of it. And I started doing a little bit of research. And the state that I live in actually has a very bad
46:49
Katrina Davis: human trafficking
47:00
Katrina Davis: problem, even though there’s, I think, in my entire state, I think they said, is only like
47:02
Katrina Davis: somewhere in the neighborhood of like 2 million people, which is
47:10
Katrina Davis: a lot which isn’t a lot of people for the state that I live in. But we have a lot of rural areas. We have a lot of farmland and stuff like that, and
47:15
Katrina Davis: found that a lot of times
47:27
Katrina Davis: human trafficking was being done out in these rural areas. They would go find these places and then or find these people, and then take them back to these farmlands to work or to be put out for for sets work, or, you know, different stuff like that. Not just
47:30
Katrina Davis: I think it just really
47:48
Katrina Davis: blew my mind
47:50
Katrina Davis: at the prevalence of it, you know, and I year this, maybe like a year or 2 ago, I was walking down the street or not. I wasn’t walking. I was driving, and I saw girl, and it looked
47:54
Katrina Davis: like maybe he might have been her boyfriend or whatnot.
48:06
Katrina Davis: But I you know something just set off in my heart like I could tell like something was wrong. So I literally was following them down
48:10
Katrina Davis: and
48:19
Katrina Davis: call the cops and everything, cause they were fighting and put her in a dead lock. He was trying to like drag her off, and this is in broad daylight, people driving down the street. Nobody did anything.
48:20
Katrina Davis: nothing.
48:33
Katrina Davis: and I haven’t found out like what the outcome of W. Of that was. But I would
48:34
Katrina Davis: after that presentation after I saw that movie. So I saw that movie like 3 times after I saw that
48:40
Katrina Davis: it just I just became so much more vigilant.
48:46
Katrina Davis: Meena.
48:50
john churchville: Eyes are open now.
48:51
Katrina Davis: Exactly, and seeing and watching and watching people’s movements and mannerism. If a woman looks scared, or you know, or if a child looks scared or whatever. So yeah, it when he said that, it just reminded me of that movie, because that movie was just so powerful.
48:53
john churchville: Thank you so much for for sharing that. And now you you understand what Richard means now, when he talks about reasonable suspicion, when your spidey sense goes up. No, thank you. That is.
49:09
john churchville: that’s that’s a wonderful connection to what our role is as Christians when we see evil in the world. So thank you so much.
49:19
john churchville: our outcomes for human trafficking. We’ve already defined it.
49:27
john churchville: We talked a little bit about how it occurs in the Us. And now we’re just going to briefly glance at how we combat it and deal with the laws.
49:30
john churchville: This guy here for people who don’t follow boxing. His name was Jack Johnson. He was a heavyweight champion back in the early 19 hundreds. So before Muhammad Ali, before George Foreman, before Mike Tyson, all these guys, this guy was a heavyweight champion of the world.
49:39
john churchville: Imagine what it was like for a black man to date a white woman in certain parts of the country back in 1 10. Well, that’s what he did.
49:55
john churchville: So he got arrested under the Human Trafficking act back. Then it was called the Man Act.
50:03
john churchville: We also called it the White Slavery Ad.
50:08
john churchville: He had a girlfriend, and so he was charged with crossing State lines
50:10
john churchville: for Mr. Purposes.
50:16
john churchville: So he ended up marrying the woman. He thought I could get out of it then, but he got prosecuted by the Federal Government. Anyway, they found another cause. It turned out the girl he married had formerly been a prostitute, so they get found another prostitute. They charged him, he got convicted, and then he fled the country. He ran away
50:18
john churchville: and hit out for a while. Then finally he came back and he had to do jail time.
50:36
john churchville: This is one of the examples of how we have used human trafficking laws in the past.
50:40
john churchville: I’m not sure that was the purpose of the act, but that’s what we did. I will say to our credit. Now we use Federal and State laws
50:46
john churchville: much more like we just saw the the slide I showed you from Denver. We properly use the law to put this man for 448 years for all the lives that he damaged. I would say we’re doing a lot better now, using the law properly, not just as as a tool of subjugation, but actually getting bad people.
50:54
john churchville: This is what human trafficking looks like today.
51:13
john churchville: Everybody know who this guy is, he owns the New England patriots back when they were good, and Tom Brady won all the time. This guy’s name is Robert Kraft.
51:16
john churchville: and right before the super bowl he got caught going to this spot, and police around the country know. Well, super bowl time. That’s when trafficking goes up
51:24
john churchville: and police did a stake out of the Spa, and these are the people that work there.
51:35
john churchville: Robert Kraft got arrested, but he had fancy lawyers, and they got him off on a technical argument. He’s absolutely guilty. They had him on tape, but it looks like the police did not dot all their eyes and cross their t’s about getting the right warrant for the right videos.
51:42
john churchville: All these women worked in the massage parlor. There
51:57
john churchville: they all got arrested, and I would bet that they were all victims of human trafficking.
52:00
john churchville: but because they then in turn might have recruited other women, or because they were arrested under our State laws of
52:07
john churchville: prostitution.
52:13
john churchville: I’m showing you this example, because this is how we deal with human trafficking. Right now
52:15
john churchville: the story you saw of the bad guy getting 448 years. You don’t see those very often, because we don’t get those convictions very often. It’s much easier to get these women and say, we’re stopping human trafficking.
52:21
john churchville: We’re probably, and some of you may disagree with me. You may have more experience.
52:36
john churchville: We are probably re-traumatizing people who are generally victims, if not present them. Certainly in the past.
52:42
john churchville: That’s an example of how we are prosecuting and using human trafficking laws. Now.
52:50
john churchville: who should be most likely to get punished these women who performed the service for him, or the rich guy who gets to walk away because his lawyer got him off in a technicality. These women all got charged. They didn’t get to walk away.
52:57
rohan Hope: That’s sad.
53:13
john churchville: That is how we deal with human trafficking.
53:14
john churchville: We’re doing better now. But
53:17
john churchville: I’m gonna give you one story, and then I’m just about done with my thoughts for class
53:20
john churchville: I saw human trafficking last week in court, and and I thought of the class here
53:25
john churchville: we were, you know. My client was pleading. A bunch of people were pleading guilty to retail staff, and the judge put them all in a room and lined them up.
53:32
john churchville: and there were probably 6 people. 1st person. What’d you do? I stole from the store. Okay, we’re gonna put you in this special program. What’d you do? I stole from the store. What’d you do? I slapped my kid on the butt too hard. Okay. And then there was a young girl on the end. Pretty young girl. Nice braids, African American girl and the da reads she was stopped soliciting prostitution, and everybody did like that
53:40
john churchville: sweet young girl couldn’t have been more than 20 something.
54:02
john churchville: and the lawyers were thinking, why, the judge have to read it out like that and embarrass this girl. She had never been in trouble.
54:05
john churchville: She kept her head down. She got her little scooter, and I saw her go over to the Bration office.
54:10
john churchville: Her lawyer said to me afterwards
54:15
john churchville: she was forced into that life by her pimp. She literally was exactly the woman that we’re talking about in this class, a victim of human trafficking, and how we dealt with it where I’m from.
54:18
john churchville: We arrested her and charged her.
54:29
john churchville: Unfortunately, that is
54:33
john churchville: again, let me pause. There’s not one system. Maybe they do it differently where you guys are from.
54:35
john churchville: But in Lancaster.
54:41
john churchville: dealing with human trafficking we’re much more likely to get the victims than the really bad people.
54:42
john churchville: I will pause for questions or comments, and then I have to tie you up because I promise to end class.
54:49
john churchville: Yes, sir.
54:59
JD Sawyer: i i i have 2 questions. One.
55:00
JD Sawyer: I was just curious. Wh where did you work in Philadelphia with the when Seth Williams was there.
55:04
john churchville: I did. He was the guy that hired me, and it was unfortunate when he later went to Federal prison for his crimes.
55:13
JD Sawyer: Yeah, yeah, I mean, I know way, you know. And and I know, you know, a lot of I know people in the Philadelphia law enforcement community, and I realize that was kind of isolated at the at the top of the heat there. So.
55:20
JD Sawyer: But I was just wondering the timing the the second question I have. Could you speak just for clarification
55:35
JD Sawyer: on the
55:43
JD Sawyer: case? Study.
55:45
JD Sawyer: Ex, exactly. I just wanna be sure
55:47
JD Sawyer: I’m looking. I’m looking at the right material.
55:51
john churchville: Yup, you’re looking under the module for week, 6 this week, and you’re looking in, what is it? Page 36 to 38 in your your.
55:54
JD Sawyer: Right.
56:04
john churchville: About that. Yup, that’s your assignment, did I?
56:05
dave: The one that’s the one deal officer that moves to a low income neighborhood. Correct.
56:07
rohan Hope: Professor, in which book.
56:13
dave: It’s I didn’t have it.
56:17
rohan Hope: Movement.
56:18
john churchville: Did you? Did you guys have the criminal justice ethics book.
56:19
dave: There is 2 books.
56:23
john churchville: So yeah, it it won’t be in the the regular textbooks in a separate book and an ethics book.
56:26
JD Sawyer: Yeah.
56:31
rohan Hope: I don’t have that book.
56:31
john churchville: So, since the beautiful part is that since it’s only 2 or 3 pages, I’m sure someone here would scan it or email it to you or something. Somebody who has the book. That would be my.
56:33
rohan Hope: Someone. Please do that for me. Please.
56:46
john churchville: That week.
56:49
Deona Johnson: Same, I don’t have any.
56:50
john churchville: Somebody up loosely. Yeah, thank you, for I wanted to leave time for that.
56:51
rohan Hope: I will share my my email
56:56
rohan Hope: in a few.
56:58
john churchville: Second book.
57:01
Richard Murray: Chris.
57:02
JD Sawyer: Yeah.
57:04
john churchville: Here’s my.
57:06
Richard Murray: Hi, guys, thank you.
57:07
john churchville: Okay, thank you for asking that. Yeah, everybody should be clear on that, and you can have time to read it. But since we’re not going to see each other again. The final project.
57:08
john churchville: I just wanted to make sure. Basically, you’re you’re picking a topic, something that we talked about, that kind of connect. And you said, I wanna know more about this. So as a quick review of what we’ve talked about.
57:18
john churchville: we talked about disparities and arrest rates. I’ve talked a lot about native women, police shootings, racial, profiling, implicit bias, the power prosecutors have death penalty sentencing disparity.
57:29
john churchville: The 1st week we talked about our weird racial classifications.
57:42
john churchville: We’ve talked about overrepresentation and disproportionate contact.
57:46
john churchville: We talked about poverty, a huge one
57:51
john churchville: where we send police where we arrest people the most remember for hundreds of years. We don’t just arrest people for their skin color. We arrest them generally because of where they live, whether it’s Irish or native, or whatever.
57:54
john churchville: We talked about the war on drugs.
58:07
john churchville: We’ve talked again, how we largely. Our system is full of people affected even as we talked about today, largely because of where they live.
58:10
john churchville: And you will basically pick one of these types of themes that kind of connects with you. Perhaps you know about it from your church professionally. Maybe you want to do more on human trafficking.
58:20
john churchville: That’s your final presentation. Is that clear to everybody?
58:31
Lorraine Barnett: Guest.
58:39
john churchville: Well, thank you.
58:40
john churchville: I’m gonna end the class with saying everybody thank you for listening to each other’s stories and being so respectful and the same way the elders in Jerusalem told Paul, when he was there talking about his gospel in the Book of Glacion they said, Whatever you do, remember the poor.
58:42
john churchville: if we all in our daily lives are looking out for people who have a little bit less, and maybe some of us are part of the poor. That’s okay.
58:57
john churchville: But I would suggest, maybe one healthy thing we can do as Christians. We can certainly continue to work for things that are wrong wherever part of the system, but it always sucks a little bit more when you’re poor in the system than if you have meetings. So we can all just try to
59:04
john churchville: continue helping him with that. I think that would make
59:21
john churchville: I think that would be very pleasing to our work.
59:25
john churchville: Thank you all for your attentiveness. I will stick around if anybody wants to check.
59:28
Lorraine Barnett: And when I turn on this.
59:32
john churchville: So early, and it’s 30 seconds early. So have a wonderful evening. I look forward to seeing your final presentations over the next 2 weeks.
59:33
Lorraine Barnett: Professor. Thank you so much, and all the best on you, Kate.
59:41
john churchville: Yes, I will. I’m gonna tell everybody what happens in 2 weeks.
59:45
Lorraine Barnett: Okay, God bless, and all the best to you and your family.
59:51
Katrina Davis: Really good request. Thank you. Guys. A blessing.
59:54
john churchville: Have a wonderful.
59:58
Emerica Adams: Thank you. Bye.
59:59
Alicia Wells: It was great to meet you, Professor.
1:00:01
john churchville: The pleasure is mine, Alicia, thank you.
1:00:04
Alicia Wells: Why?
1:00:06
Mae White: Professor, we can choose any any of the chapters in the book that we covered. Correct.
1:00:07
john churchville: Yes, ma’am, any topic that’s important to you. You can. You can flesh out more. Yes, ma’am.
1:00:14
Mae White: Okay, thank you. I enjoyed this class.
1:00:20
john churchville: Enjoyed it.
1:00:23
Mae White: And I, really.
1:00:23
Mae White: I really got a different perspective just by taking this class. So I appreciate you and thank you.
1:00:25
john churchville: Thank you for all your hard work and your diligence. It was a pleasure to connect with you. Thank you.
1:00:32
Mae White: Thank you.
1:00:37
JD Sawyer: And Professor that that includes this week’s topic the human trafficking.
1:00:38
john churchville: Yup, Yup, if you decided you wanted to do a presentation on that. That’s totally fine.
1:00:43
JD Sawyer: Okay.
1:00:47
john churchville: Alright!
1:00:48
JD Sawyer: Yeah, thanks for your clarification.
1:00:49
john churchville: Sure and feel free to reach out by email. If you need to follow up later. Okay.
1:00:51
JD Sawyer: As as a matter of fact, I I would like to. I’ll probably send you an email in the next day to see if you have hours, or I could connect with you.
1:00:55
john churchville: Yes, absolutely. Look forward to it.
1:01:04
JD Sawyer: Alright that yeah. Just a a academic counseling. I just have a couple of questions as to my my path forward.
1:01:05
john churchville: Sure I’m very happy to do that.
1:01:13
JD Sawyer: Alright. Thank you, Professor.