Delve into the philosophical inquiry of free will versus determinism. Analyze prominent philosophical arguments supporting each position, considering concepts such as causality, moral responsibility, and human agency. Examine the implications of free will and determinism for ethics, psychology, and metaphysics. Explore how these concepts intersect with contemporary scientific understanding, particularly in fields like neuroscience and quantum mechanics. Critically evaluate the compatibility of free will and determinism in addressing existential questions about human existence and the nature of reality. Construct a well-reasoned argument defending or critiquing either position, drawing upon philosophical texts, empirical research, and logical reasoning. Present your analysis in a persuasive essay.